1. A direct circulation

1. occurs when warm air rises and cold air sinks
2. is the circulation of the Ferrel cell
3. is the basic circulation for the global wind system
4. all are correct

1. The Coriolis force is larger

1. in the northern hemisphere
2. in the southern hemisphere
3. at the equator
4. at the poles

1. When actual station pressures are plotted on a surface map

1. there is a permanent high over Canada
2. there is a permanent low pressure system over the Rocky Mountains
3. winds tend to blow too slow
4. winds tend to blow too fast

1. Closely spaced contours indicate a _____ pressure gradient and _____ winds.

1. geostrophic, warm
2. geostrophic, cold
3. strong, high
4. strong, low

1. What causes the wind to blow?

1. isobars
2. isotherms
3. temperature differences
4. pressure differences

1. Friction

1. reduces the wind velocity
2. reduces the Coriolis force
3. is zero for geostrophic flow
4. all of the above

1. Jet streams

1. transport cool air south and warm air north
2. follow the sun
3. are located in the region of the polar front
4. all of the above

1. The correct statement is

1. A sea breeze blows from the sea while a mountain breeze blows up the mountain
2. A land breeze blows from the land while a valley breeze blows down the mountain
3. A sea breeze blows from the sea and a land breeze blows from the land
4. All are correct

1. The atmosphere is _____ beneath a low at 500 mb and _____ beneath a high at 500 mb.

1. cold, warm
2. warm, cold
3. stable, unstable
4. unstable, stable

1. The wind around a high pressure area (at the surface) in the Northern Hemisphere blows:

1. counterclockwise and outward from the center
2. counterclockwise and inward toward the center
3. clockwise and outward from the center
4. clockwise and inward toward the center

1. The large thermally driven convection cell that is driven by convective "hot" towers along the equator is the:

1. Ferrel cell
2. Hadley cell
3. Ekman spiral
4. El Nino cell

1. In the general circulation of the atmosphere, one would find the region called the doldrums:

1. near 30^O latitude
2. at the equator
3. at the poles
4. near 60^O latitude

1. The deserts of the world are found at latitudes near 30^O because:

1. the intertropical convergence zone is found there
2. of the sinking air of the polar front
3. of the convergence of the prevailing westerlies and the northeast trades
4. of the sinking air of the subtropical highs
5. of the doldrums

1. Which statement below is not correct concerning the Coriolis force?

1. It causes wind to deflect toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere
2. It is non-existent (zero) at the equator
3. It causes winds to deflect toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere
4. It causes the winds to blow faster
5. It increases with increasing latitude

1. Which below is usually not true concerning a sea breeze circulation?

1. they mainly occur at night
2. they usually occur when the water is cooler than the land
3. they occur when the surface wind blows from the water toward the land

1. The main reason Santa Ana winds are warm is because:

1. latent heat is released in rising air
2. sinking air warms by compression
3. condensation occurs
4. warming due to solar heating
5. they are heated by forest fires in canyons

1. Friction between the air and the surface causes the air parcel _____.

1. to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere
2. to cross the isobars and converge into regions of high pressure
3. to cross the isobars and converge into regions of low pressure
4. to flow parallel to the height contours on the 500 mb chart

1. On the upper-level charts, the wind tends to blow _____.

1. at right angles to the contours or isobars
2. at an angle of 45 to the contours or isobars
3. at an angle of 30 to the contours or isobars
4. at an angle between 15 and 25 to the contours or isobars
5. parallel to the contours or isobars

1. Which of the following forces are negligible on the 500 mb chart when the height contours are not curved?

1. coriolis
2. centripetal and centrifugal
3. friction
4. a. and c. are correct
5. b. and c. are correct

1. Intense heating over equatorial regions causes _____.

1. maximum tropical cyclone frequency along the equator
2. ascending motion and surface low pressures
3. subsidence and surface high pressure
4. persistent frontal and wave cyclone formation

1. Answer the following question by applying Buys Ballott's Law: If an observer is facing west and the wind is at her back, where is the low pressure? Assume the Northern Hemisphere.

1. northwest of the observer
2. southwest of the observer
3. northeast of the observer
4. southeast of the observer

1. When considering the forces acting on air, which of the following is the real driving force that initiated the observed motion?

1. those forces associated with the earth's rotation
2. those forces associated with motion following a curved path
3. those forces associated with horizontal pressure differences

1. In terms of the three-cell model of the general circulation, areas of surface low pressure should be found at _____.

1. the equator and the poles
2. the equator and 30 latitude
3. the equator and 60 latitude
4. 30 latitude and 60 latitude
5. 30 latitude and the poles

1. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is near the equator where the _____ and _____ trade winds meet.

1. SE, SW
2. NW, NE
3. SE, NW
4. NW, SW
5. NE, SE

1. In reference to the General Circulation near 30 degrees latitude, the air pressure is ____.

1. predominantly high
2. predominantly low
3. variable so that no air pressure is dominant

26. Both a monsoon circulation and a land-sea breeze circulation are the result of _____.

1. changing seasons of the year
2. advection of warm air into a cool region
3. temperature differences between water and land surfaces

27. El Nino _____.

1. is a warm sea surface temperature anomaly
2. is linked to pressure changes resulting from the Southern Oscillation
3. modifies aquatic life off the coast of Peru
4. all of the above answers are correct

28. Which factor(s) influence the formation of turbulence?

1. rough or hilly terrain: bumps!
2. strong wind shear: unstable flow
3. strong wind speeds: mechanical mixing
4. surface heating: upward motions
5. all of the above